Hopefully, you're all learning well.
I'm sure many of you have been eagerly awaiting this lesson. Yes. The infamous F-words, as I've called them. They are so confusing because of their dictionary entries. But in practice, I think that they are not that bad.
, I recommend that you go back and read Lesson Four to refresh your memory a bit about the little word, a .
Fwa
Fwa is short for fì'u a. The word fì'u means this thing, or this. And I talked about a in Lesson Four. It's just a little thingy you put between a noun and whatever phrase that describes it, while talking about what the noun is involved in. Since fwa is short for fì'u a, this could be used any time you could use the word fì'u.
For example:
| Oeru sunu fì'u. | ( This is-pleasing to me -or- I like this.) |
| Oeru sunu fwa nga zera'u. | ( is-pleasing to me this which is you are coming. -or- I like that you're coming.) |
| Fì'u prrte' lu. | ( This is pleasurable. ) |
| Fwa tsun oeng pivängkxo prrte' lu. | ( This which is we can chat is pleasurable. -or- That we can chat is pleasurable) |
| Txantsan lu fì'u. | ( This is excellent. ) |
| Txantsan lu fwa tse'a ngati fìtseng. | ( Excellent is this which is see you here. -or- It's excellent to see you here.) |
And to answer the question from the previous Lesson, like was said in the comments, in order to say Hunting hexapede is fun You say this:
Fwa taron yerikit lu 'o'. ( This "hunt hexapede" - thing is fun )
You can also think of that as It's fun to hunt hexapede.
Notice that fì'u and fwa are used when the main sentence is made with a vin. verb. i.e., a verb that you can't directly do to something. Such as sleep or fall. A lot of the time, fwa is seen with the verbs: lam, sunu, and lu.
Fula
Fula is short for fì'u-l a. So this one could be used any time you could use fì'ul.
For example:
| Vìmingkap oeti fì'ul. | ( Just occured to me this. -or- This just occured to me.) |
| Vìmingkap oeti fula poe ke li ke poltxe san oe zasya'u. | ( Just occurred to me this which is she hasn't yet said, "I'm coming". -or- It just occured to me that she hasn't yet said she's coming.) |
| Fì'ul oeti nitram 'eykefu nìtxan. | ( This makes me feel very happy. ) |
| Fula nga nerume oeti nitram 'eykefu nìtxan | ( This which is you are learning makes me feel very happy. -or- It makes me very happy that you're learning. ) |
Fì'ul and fula are used when the main sentence is made with a vtr. verb. i.e. a verb that can do directly to something. such as hunt, eat, or touch. A lot of the time, fula is seen with vingkap, 'eykefu, and sleyku. Fì'ul / fula are the subject, the thing doing the action.
Futa
Futa is short for fì'u-t a, so this one could be used any time you could use fì'ut.
For example:
| Oel fpìl fì'ut. | ( I think this. ) |
| Oel fpìl futa nga lu tstunwi. | ( I think this which is you are kind. -or- I think that you are kind.) |
| Omum oel fì'ut. | ( I know this. ) |
| Omum oel futa tìfyawìntxuri oeyä perey aynga nìwotx. | ( I know this which is you all are waiting for my guidance. -or- I know that you all are waiting for my guidance.) |
| Spaw oel fì'ut. | I believe this. |
| Spaw oel futa Mo’atìl tsole'a Neytirit. | ( I believe this which is Mo'at saw Neytiri -or- I believe that Mo'at saw Neytiri.) |
Fì'ut and futa are used when the main sentence is made with a vtr. verb. i.e., a verb that can do directly to something. such as hunt, eat, touch. A lot of the time, futa is seen with fpìl, spaw, and omum. Fì'ut / fula are the thing receiving the action.
Furia
Furia is short for fì'u-ri a. So this one could be used any time fì'uri could be used.
For example:
| Fì'uri oeru txoa livu. | ( As for this, may there be forgiveness to me. -or- I'm sorry for this.) |
| Furia txankrr fìtsengit ke tarmok, oeru txoa livu. | ( as for this which is for long time haven't been here, may there be forgiveness to me. -or- I'm sorry for not being here for a long time.) |
| Fì'uri ngal tok yìpet? | ( As for this, you are on what level? -or- How good are you at this?) |
| Furia täftxu ngal tok yìpet? | ( As for this which is weave, you are on what level? -or- How's your weaving?) |
| Fì'uri oe 'efu ye. | ( As for this, I feel satisfied. ) |
| Furia nga 'efu ye, 'efu oe ye nìteng. | ( As for this which is you feel satisfied, I feel satisfied too. ) |
With fì'uri and furia, it doesn't matter what kind of verb is used. A lot of the time, furia is seen with irayo si, tsap'alute si, pey, 'efu, and lu. For more on -ri, check out Lesson Nine.
Note that any of these word orders can be written backwards, and you will get sentences that look like some of those from Lesson Four. So that's pretty much it with these F words. Hopefully this has been helpful. Hayalovay!
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'Ivong Na'vi!