Kaltxì. This time I wanna talk about some other things that go onto the end of words, and some stuff.

Endings: -ru, -l, -ti

We've talked about -ìl, -l and -ti, -it, -t. We've also already talked a little bit about using -ur, -ru, -r before, but in this post I want to talk more about it. I also wanna talk about how to use -yä, -ä. Ok so let's get started with some examples.

Examples:

1. Oe yomtìng ikranur.
   I feed to the ikran.
   I feed the ikran.

As you see in this example, yomtìng is a special action where the person feeding (giving the food) stays as it is, and the one being fed gets -ur, -ru, -r on the end.

2. Oel ngaru tskoti tìng.
   I give a bow to you.
   I give you a bow.
3. Poru tsaylì'ut oel li pameng.
   I already told those words to her.
   I already told her that.
4. Pol uniltìranyuru kar fya'oti Na'viyä.
   She teaches the Way of the Na'vi to the dreamwalker.
   She teaches the dreamwalker the ways of the Na'vi
5. Ngaru oel fì'uti pänutìng.
   I promise this to you.
   I promise you this.

Those Crazy "____ si" Words

Now. I'll bet most of you if not all have seen the Na'vi word si. I know that the dictionary definiton is crazy and scary. It's actually simple. Here's how it works:

Examples:

6. Ngaru irayo si oe.
   I do thanks to you.
   I thank you.
7. Oeru srung si nga.
   You do assistance to me
   you help me.
8. Po awngaru kavuk si.
   He does betrayal to us.
   He betrays us.
9. Tsa'u oeyä eltur tìtxen si.
   That does awakening to my brain.
   That awakens my brain.
   That's interesting.

This one is a common phrase. To say something is interesting in Na'vi, you say it "wakes up the brain". eltur tìtxen si, kefyak? (Interesting, isn't it?)

10. Oe kìte'e si Omatikayaru.
    I do service to the Omatikaya.
    I serve the Omatikaya clan.

See the pattern?

• The word si sort of means "do"
• si almost never stands alone. It's usually a word then si.
• You can't just use it with any word. Luckily, all the "___ si" words are all listed in the dictionary.
• All the ones above use -ur, -ru on the end of the one receiving the action.
• The one doing the action just stays as is.

Ending: -ä

And now, a little about the -yä, -ä. You may have noticed this bit on the end of words in examples 4 and 9. It's really simple:

• -yä and -ä are the same. There are two of them so there is a choice to use which one flows the best.
  • Use -yä on words that end with any of these: a ä e i ì.
  • Use -ä on words that end with anything else.
• These are put on the word which is owning the other. -yä and -ä are very similar to the English 's or of the .
• yä can be put onto words like oe (I), nga (you), po (s/he), etc. to change the meaning to my, your, his/her, etc. But watch out! When you do this, these kinds of words change a bit so that they end in "-eyä" instead of *"ayä" or *"oyä"

Examples:

11. Ngeyä ikran lu ta'lengean.
    Your ikran is skin-blue.
12. Menari Na'viyä lu rim
    The eyes of the Na'vi are yellow.
13. Txewìyä 'eylanä sempul lu taronyu atxantsan.
    Txewì's friend's father is an excellent hunter.

Sìlpey oe, fìsänumvi srung sayi ayngaru. Hayalovay.
( I hope, This lesson will help you. Until next time. )